China

Committee: 9 Topic: Nuclear Proliferation Country: China Sravya Chilukuri Period 3

__BACKGROUND OF THE TOPIC:__

Numerous amounts of bombs, missiles, and other deadly weapons are used during wars and battles. However, one of the most deadly weapons is nuclear weapons. These weapons have caused the world great torture and fear. Nuclear weapons are extremely explosive devices that send shocks or nuclear waves rapidly from the center of the bomb. The pressure the missile releases is largely vital and deadly and also an intense wind is thrust from the weapon. The use of nuclear weapons has placed great damage upon the world today.

Nuclear Weapons effect the Earth in several different ways. They were first greatly feared at the Hiroshima and Nagasaki attacks during World War II. Japan was greatly damaged by the attacks of these horrifying nuclear powered weapons. This is when people first realized the damage and pain that these weapons can inflict. People saw the capability of these weapons and sought out a way to rid the world of them.These bombs are powered by vast amounts of Uranium. Some countries use Uranium for a legitimate reason. They use it to create power or energy. However, other countries use this silvery-gray element to fuel nuclear weapons and cause damage to their enemies. There are two types of nuclear bombs, fission and thermonuclear. They are also called atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs. The USA was the first country to create nuclear bombs. These bombs have caused thousands of deaths and injuries.

__UNITED NATIONS INVOLVEMENT:__

The United Nations has contributed greatly to the issue of nuclear proliferation. Immediately after World War II, the UN conjured and created the Nuclear Non-Proliferation treaty in 1968. This treaty allows five big nations to keep their nuclear weapons, but did not allow any other countries to develop nuclear weapons. These five nations are the USA, USSR, UK, France, and China. At least four other countries have been accused for obtaining nuclear weapons; they are Pakistan, India, Israel, North Korea, and maybe Iran. The "Big 5" nations have not kept their promise of not allowing nuclear weapons to spread.

In addition, another treaty was enforced, the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). "The CTBT is of great significance to the maintenance of international security (UN.gov). The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization has also been established. The CTBT is incredibly necessary for the prevention of nuclear proliferation. This treaty and the organization ban any nuclear weapon tests, anytime, anywhere (reachingcriticalwill.org). Even the "Big 5" countries are not permitted to undergo any nuclear tests without the permission of the CTBTO.

Furthermore, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is also trying to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons. This agency looks for safe ways to use nuclear sciences. Its main goal is to contribute to international peace and safety. They want to provide all people of the world with security. They help other countries upgrade their peace and security. They also want to protect the environment from nuclear combustion. (iaea.org)

__COUNTRY POLICY AND INVOLVEMENT:__

Nuclear weapons must be prohibited at all cost and the country of China will assist in the prohibitation of all nuclear weapons. China is against the manufacturing and distribution of nuclear powered weapons. We, the Republic of China, have supported the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. We have taken many actions regarding the ban on nuclear tests. "China will honor her commitment to pursue a moratorium on nuclear test explosions and continue to actively support and participate in the preparation work for the CTBTO" (un.org). As one of the "Big 5" countries, we will never test nuclear sciences for military actions. However, we believe that the ban should not restrict peaceful nuclear explosions (un.org). Nuclear energy is useful in many ways and there are many peaceful ways to use nuclear explosions. China only owns a limited amount of nuclear weapons and that is solely for military self-defense. We would never direct those missiles at another country. We clearly support the establishment of nuclear- free zones and heart fully abide those laws. We discourage the use of all kinds of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). We do not encourage any country to create WMD and use those destructive weapons. We have placed our own civilian nuclear facilities in the possession of the IAEA. However, we do encourage all nations who have somehow illegally obtained nuclear weapons, to ask the UN for forgiveness and forfeit their bombs for the sake of the entire world. The Republic of China is extremely against the proliferation of nuclear weapons and will do everything in its power to cease the spread of illegal practice of nuclear explosions.

__SOLUTIONS:__

The Republic of China believes that there is still much to do about the proliferation of nuclear weapons that the United Nations has not achieved yet. There are many solutions that would work if the effort is put forth by all the major countries. All nuclear power plants in the world can be observed under the surveillance of UN officials/ militias. In addition, the nation of China is willing to create a new organization that reduces the proliferation of nuclear weapons. The final goal of the UN and China is to rid the world of all kinds of dangerous nuclear weapons. All of hazardous nuclear power plants and Uranium plants will be shutdown until the country receives privilege from the United Nations in order to conduct research on nuclear energy and uranium. China also believes that not only the people of the world are protected, but the environment as well. The great nation of China is willing to fund any research for the non-proliferation of all nuclear weapons.

__ SOURCES: __ http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ http://www.un.org/webcast/ctbtt/statements/chinaE.htm http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs.1995/19951017.gadis30.24.html http://www.nuclearfiles.org/menu/key-issues/nuclear-weapons/issues/proliferation/china/ministry-foreign-affairs-nonproliferation-policy.htm http://www.nuclearfiles.org/menu/key-issues/nuclear-weapons/issues/proliferation/china/senator-brownback-china-us-proliferation.htm http://www.nti.org.db.China/wnwmdat.htm http://www.un.org/webcast/ctbt2005/statements/chi050922eng.pdf