general+assembly+madagascar

Patrick Nguyen Period 0


 * Security Council Reformation**


 * Country Policy-** The Security Council is a part of the United Nations that is in charge of international security and power. Because of this the Security Council is one of the most powerful groups in the world and there have been reformations continuously throughout history. There are five permanent countries in the Security Council: France, United States, United Kingdom, Russia Federation, and China. In the 1940's, these nations and five non-permanent countries were in this council. Then in 1963, the number of temporary states grew to ten and now there are fifteen members today. Recently in 1997, the General Assembly President, Razali Ismail wants to create new reformations and to change the remaining members. The General Assembly are the people that get to choose the reformation of the Security Council because of their power.


 * UN Involvement-** Throughout history the United Nations have passed many resolutions due to the Security Council. Now because of a reformation people want to have more members representing the Security Council. The current proposal is 2 for Asia, 1 for Eastern Europe, 1 for Western Europe, 2 for Africa, 1 for Latin America, and 1 for the Carribean and now it is the General Assemblies responsible to decide to change the body of the Security Council. Another proposal would be six new permanent members and three non-permanent members. The reason why countries want more membership is because they want greater freedom. A flaw in the Security Council is the power of veto because if one of the permenent countries does not like a resolution, the resolution will not pass.


 * Solutions-** Madagascar believes that there should be six new permanent members and three more non-permanent members because it would balance the power of the Security Council and become more fair. Although Madagascar has frustrated the Security Council before because of unconstitutional methods, Madagascar will be willing to help the United Nations in reforming the Security Council.

http://www.france24.com/en/20090408-un-wants-speedy-elections-madagascar-andry-rajoelina http://www.norway.org.et/au/Madagascar.htm http://www.jstor.org/pss/174351 http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/58972/michael-j-glennon/why-the-security-council-failed
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 * Nuclear Non-Proliferation**


 * Country Policy-** Nuclear non-proliferation has been debated ever since the United States bombed nukes at Japan and then in World War II, nuclear weapons have now been used with caution. After seeing the power of nuclear weapons other countries started making their own nukes. There are currently only nine countries in possession of nuclear weapons, the United States, France, Russia, Israel, North Korea, Pakistan, India, China, and the United Kingdom. Madagascar has not been involved with any nuclear weapon technology and does not plan on doing so. Madagascar has also signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and is a strong supporter. Madagascar will help and donate to the United Nations to resolve any issues of nuclear proliferation. Madagascar believes that the NPT is still applicable and if it would be replaced, then it should be edited instead.


 * UN involvement-** The UN has been involved in this issue for very long. They created the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in July 1, 1968 after a proposal from Ireland and they created ten articles to reinforce it. There are one hundred eighty-nine countries that signed this treaty except for North Korea, Israel, Pakistan, and India. There are three pillars in this treaty: Non-proliferation, disarmament, and peaceful use of nuclear energy. The first pillar, non-proliferation, means that the five countries that signed this treaty can only use nuclear weapons on other countries that used nuclear weapons on them and on other conventional attacks. Before the Nuclear Non-Proliferaetion, the United Nations created the IAEA to create nuclear energy for useful purposes. In 1997, the IAEA created a protocol which gave them the permission to have more information on nuclear technology, have more access in countries with nuclear technology, have more nuclear energy procedures, and have more responsibilities of their actions. Then, the United Kingdom proposed that nuclear weapons be used on "rogue states", which are states that are threatening world peace.


 * Solutions-** Madagascar proposes the United Nations to prevent countries like India and North Korea that are currently developing nuclear weapons by creating stricter bylaws to ensure countries that they will not be attacked. Madagascar believes that the United Nations should deal with nations that are still developing nuclear weapons by confiscating their nukes unless they sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Madagascar proposes that the United Nations use a spying agency and find out if these dangerous countries are going to use it for mass destruction.

http://www.economicexpert.com/a/Nuclear:Non:Proliferation:Treaty.htm http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/54391/jaswant-singh/against-nuclear-apartheid http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/0162288042879959
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