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Croatia Policy Paper Eddie Russek Per3 MUN =__  A.   PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY __= a. Location: absolute; 45 10N, 15 30 E. Relative; Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia b. Physical features: geographically diverse, flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands. c. Size of Croatia (AREA): //total//: 56,542 sq km. //land//: 56414 sq km. //water:// 128 sq km. =__   B.   POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY __= 4. **Government**: type- presidential/ parliamentary democracy. **Political parties/ officials**: Croatian Democratic Congress of Slavonia and or HDSSB [Vladimir SISLJAGIC]; Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Ivo SANADER]; Croatian Party of the Right or HSP [Anto DJAPIC]; Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Josip FRISCIC]; Croatian Pensioner Party or HSU [Vladimir JORDAN]; Croatian People’s Party or HNS [Vesna PUSNIC]; Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS [Djurda ADLESIC]; Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC]; Istrian Democratic Democratic Assembly or IDS [Ivan JAKOVIC]; Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Zoran MILANOVIC] 5. **Capital:** Zagreb ** 6. ****International Organization Affiliations:** ACCT (observer), Austrailia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, NAM (observer), NSG, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SECI, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMOGIP, UNOCI, UNOMIG, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Females age 16-49: 1,037,896. (2008 est.) C. __CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY__ 8. ** Official language, other languages spoken, ethnic composition and major religions ** : Croatian 96.1%, Serbian 1%, other and undesignated 2.9% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and German) (2001 census). Croat 89.6%, Serb 4.5%, other 5.9% (including Bosniak, Hungarian, Slovene, Czech, and Roma) (2001 census). Roman Catholic 87.8%, Orthodox 4.4%, other Christian 0.4%, Muslim 1.3%, other and unspecified 0.9%, none 5.2% (2001 census) ** 9. **** Population, population growth rate, and population distribution: ** 4,491,543 (July 2008 est.)**,** -0.043% (2008 est.)**,** At birth: 1.06 male(s)/female, under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female, 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female, 65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female, total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2008 est.). 10. **  Major Cities: **20 counties (zupanije, zupanija - singular) and 1 city* (grad - singular); Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska, Brodsko-Posavska, Dubrovacko-Neretvanska (Dubrovnik-Neretva), Istarska (Istria), Karlovacka, Koprivnicko-Krizevacka, Krapinsko-Zagorska, Licko-Senjska (Lika-Senj), Medimurska, Osjecko-Baranjska, Pozesko-Slavonska (Pozega-Slavonia), Primorsko-Goranska, Sibensko-Kninska, Sisacko-Moslavacka, Splitsko-Dalmatinska (Split-Dalmatia), Varazdinska, Viroviticko-Podravska, Vukovarsko-Srijemska, Zadarska, Zagreb*, Zagrebacka. ** 11. **** Mortality rate and average ** ** infant life expectancy: **//total:// 6.49 deaths/1,000 live births, //male:// 6.51 deaths/1,000 live births, //female:// 6.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)**.** //total population:// 75.13 years, //male:// 71.49 years, //female:// 78.97 years (2008 est.). ** 12. **** Teachers and doctors per population: ??? ** =__  D.   ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY __= 13. ** GNP or GDP (total and per capita): ** GDP (official exchange rate): $51.36 billion (2007 est.). GDP - per capita (PPP): $15,500 (2007 est.) //permanent crops:// 2.19%, //other:// 71.99% (2005) ** 15. **** Natural resources: **oil, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, gypsum, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt, hydropower ** 16. **  **Major agricultural and industrial products: ** **Wheat**, corn, sugar beets, sunflower seed, barley, alfalfa, clover, olives, citrus, grapes, soybeans, potatoes; livestock, dairy products**. Chemicals** and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper, wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages, tourism ** 17. **** Major Imports and exports:** Imports- transport equipment, textiles, chemicals, foodstuffs, and fuels. Exports- machinery, transport and electrical equipment; chemicals, fuels and lubricants; foodstuffs. ** 18. ** ** Currency (include current exchange rate): **Kuna (HRK). Per US dollar - 5.3735 (2007), 5.8625 (2006), 5.9473 (2005), 6.0358 (2004), 6.7035 (2003) ** 19. ** ** Balance of trade (include amounts in US current of total exports and imports): ** Exports- $12.62 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.). Imports- $25.99 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.). ** 20.   ** ** Historical events (time line format only since 1980): **The lands that today comprise Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent Communist state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands. Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. Once one of the wealthiest of the Yugoslav republics, Croatia's economy suffered badly during the 1991-95 war as output collapsed and the country missed the early waves of investment in Central and Eastern Europe that followed the fall of the Berlin Wall. Since 2000, however, Croatia's economic fortunes have begun to improve slowly, with moderate but steady GDP growth between 4% and 6% led by a rebound in tourism and credit-driven consumer spending. Inflation over the same period has remained tame and the currency, the Kuna, stable. Nevertheless, difficult problems still remain, including a stubbornly high unemployment rate, a growing trade deficit and uneven regional development. The state retains a large role in the economy, as privatization efforts often meet stiff public and political resistance. While macroeconomic stabilization has largely been achieved, structural reforms lag because of deep resistance on the part of the public and lack of strong support from politicians. The EU accession process should accelerate fiscal and structural reform. Dispute remains with Bosnia and Herzegovina over several small disputed sections of the boundary related to maritime access that hinders ratification of the 1999 border agreement; the Croatia-Slovenia land and maritime boundary agreement, which would have ceded most of Pirin Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and several villages to Croatia, remains un-ratified and in dispute; Slovenia also protests Croatia's 2003 claim to an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic; as a European Union peripheral state, Slovenia imposed a hard border Schengen regime with non-member Croatia in December 2007 https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2090.html **__ II. __** **__ Background: Illegal Trafficking of Organs __** a. Illegal organ trafficking is when a party obtains or forces a person to give them their organs. It is usually done by threatening the person or bribing them. In some cases for very poor countries, this activity is what keeps the country up and running. The topic has no sign of being stopped or reduced, since some of the individuals involved are government officials. There has been few cases where people are told that they’re going in for medical treatment, and are drugged. When they wake up, they have a kidney missing, and they may not even know what hit them. And when people agree to give money for their organs, the government refuses to pay the agreed sum. **__ III. __** **__ UN Involvement: __** a. The topic of illegal organ trafficking is a largely debated topic, due to the number countries affected by it, and in some cases on an extremely profound level. One large pace toward dealing with the resolvement of the issue was the December 2007 Panel on Organ Transplant and Trafficking. Resolutions deliberated by the panel included improvement of healthcare, identifying these illegal donors as well as the offender, deny medical insurance to those who received transplants from a foreign country/ nation, and having the knowledge that all members in the illegal transplant business are labeled by association with criminal organizations/ responsibilities. The UN passed Res INF/2 July 2004. It went over what we as a country was to do to start an end to the illegal exploit. **__ IV. __** **__ Country Policy/Possible Solutions: __** Now with all these problems in our modern society, there needs to be something done immediately. It hurts to see many of own citizens being affected by illegal activities, and only for an innocent reason; trying to stay alive in a world of such horrible economic times of poverty. Croatia’s government is not in any way involved with the illegal trafficking of these organs, and we are doing as much as we can to help other countries regain stability. We see the problem, and are doing every possible thing to prevent it, such as denying medical support to the illegal offenders, and tracking down these criminals.
 * I. **
 * 1) **Official Name**: Croatia
 * 2) **Climate**: Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along the coast
 * 3) ** MAP **
 * 7.  ** **Size of Armed Forces:** males age 16-49: 1,035,712.
 * 14.  **   **% of land that is arable used for agriculture:** //arable land:// 25.82%,