noel1ecosoc09

Committee: ECOSOC Topic: Illegal trafficking or organs Noël Hong Period 3

**a.** location absolute (latitude and longitude) and relative (in relation to physical features and other nations) - 15 00 S, 30 00 E, Southern Africa, east of Angola, borders Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe **4.** type of government, names of government officials, and political parties - republic; chief of state, President Rupiah Banda; Forum for Democracy and Development or FDD [Edith NAWAKWI]; Heritage Party or HP [Godfrey MIYANDA]; Movement for Multiparty Democracy or MMD [vacant]; Patriotic Front or PF [Michael SATA]; Party of Unity for Democracy and Development or PUDD [Dan PULE]; Reform Party [Nevers MUMBA]; United Democratic Alliance or UDA (a coalition of RP, ZADECO, PUDD, and ZRP); United Liberal Party or ULP [Sakwiba SIKOTA]; United National Independence Party or UNIP [Tilyenji KAUNDA]; United Party for National Development or UPND [Hakainde HICHILEMA]; Zambia Democratic Congress or ZADECO [Langton SICHONE]; Zambian Republican Party or ZRP [Benjamin MWILA] **10.** major cities – Lusaka, Solwezi, Mufulira, Kitwe, Ndola, Mongu, Kapiri, Kabwe, Livingstone, Mpulungu, Kasame, Chipata, Mposhi
 * A. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY**
 * 1.** official name of country - Republic of Zambia
 * 2.** climate (major types of climate, rainfall, vegetation) - tropical, rainy season from October to April
 * 3.** map-
 * b.** physical features (what would one see in the country in the way of mountains, deserts, plains, major rivers, coast lines, etc.) - it is landlocked, the Zambezi forms a natural riverine boundary with Zimbabwe
 * c.** in the map key state the size of the country in square mi/km - 752, 614 sq km
 * B. POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY**
 * 5.** capital - Lusaka
 * 6.** international organization affiliations - ACP, AfDB, AU, C, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, MONUC, NAM, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
 * 7.** size of armed forces – 22,000
 * C. CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY**
 * 8.** official language, other languages spoken, ethnic composition and major religions – Official language, English. Other languages, Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga. Ethnicities: African 98.7%, European 1.1%, Other .2%. Religions: Christian 50-75%, Muslim and Hindu 24%-49%, and indigenous beliefs 1%
 * 9.** population, population growth rate, and population distribution – Population: 11,669,543. Population growth rate: 1.654%. Population distribution: ??????????
 * 11.** infant mortality rate and average life expectancy – 100.96 deaths/1,000 live births. Life expectancy: 38.59 years
 * 12.** teachers and doctors per population – doctors: one doctor per 14, 000 people. Teachers: one teacher per 1,500
 * D. ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY**
 * 13.** GNP or GDP (total and per capita) - $11.16 billion. Per capita: $1,400
 * 14.** % of land that is arable used for agriculture - ??????????
 * 15.** natural resources - corn, sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower seed, vegetables, flowers, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), coffee, cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, milk, eggs, hides.
 * 16.** major agricultural and industrial products - agricultural: corn, sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower seed, vegetables, flowers, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), coffee, cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, milk, eggs, hides. industrial: copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, fertilizer, horticulture
 * 17.** major exports and imports - exports: copper, cobalt, electricity, tobacco, flowers, cotton. imports: machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, electricity, fertilizer, foodstuffs, clothing
 * 18.** currency (include current exchange rate) - currency: Zambian kwacha (ZMK). exchange rate per U.S. dollar: 3,990.2
 * 19.** balance of trade (include amounts in US current of total exports and imports) - imports: $3.611 billion. exports: $4.594 billion
 * 20.** historical events (time line format only since 1980) - ??????????????????????

II. Background: Organ trafficking is when a party finds or receives a person and forces them to give up their organs through treats or abuse. A person can also volunteer to get their organ removed and donated in exchange for money. So, this business runs on poverty, and organ trafficking is a major issue in poor countries. Government officials have been involved in it, so it has just become more widespread. Some gangs and poor people kill for these organs, in order to get money. The demand for organs has greatly intensified. Some families live off the profit from organ trafficking. Ethical concerns, especially regarding women and children involved in this, are rising. This black market is huge in places like Africa, and pretty big in Asia. In Eastern Europe, it has also become a problem simply due to poverty. Moldova, India, and Brazil have are the top 3 source countries with the most illegal organ trafficking.

III. UN Involvement: Organ trafficking has become a human rights issues, and is highly debated. The World Health Organization and the Economic and Social Council deal with organ trafficking. On July 21, 2004, the UN passed Resolution INF/2, which emphasized the negative economic and social implications of crimes like organ trafficking, described the possible expansions of such crimes and stated the results of such behaivor: violence, kidnapping, and murder. It called for an end to the trafficking of organs. The December 2007 panel on Organ Transplant and Trafficking created resolutions such as knowing that people involved in this have responsibility for their actions, denying medical coverage to those who received transplants from other nations, identifying criminals, improving healthcare, and improving poverty.

IV. Country Policy/Possible Solutions: